Before learn more about the analysis and information system design, there are some basic concepts that we must comprehended before. The concepts are :
- What is The System ?
- What is The Information ?
- What is The Information System ?
- Who is involve in The Information System?
- Why The Information is needed ?
- How is the way to develop the Information System ?
But we only study about the meaning of the information in this first class. For more explaination will explained as following :
The Definition of The System
The first that will explained is the definition about its system. In fact there are many approach about the definition of the system, but in this time just only explained two approach about the system, there are the procedure approach and the element approach.
The Procedure Approach :
The system is a work network from the procedures that correlate each other, gathering together to do an activity or to finishing a certain goal. While the Procedure is a precise medley from the instruction steps that explain what must did, who is doing, when to be done, and how to do it. According to the definition above, so with the system procedure approach we can depicting as following (for example : the student registration system ) :
From the pitcure above, we can see the student registration system is a corps of the procedures that correlate each other, starting from registration in the administration office, the adding of the student’s data in the administration office, to the last the student can follow the lecturing in the classroom. All of the procedure is correlate each other so the goal of the system is reached.
The Element Approach
System is a corps from the interaction elements to tired a certain goal. Diffrent from the procedure approach, in this approach the system is depicted as an object that has certain parts that interaction each other to tired a certain goal. Like a human being who has the bone and muscle as a body activator system.
So, with both of the approach we can concluding that The system must :
- Have a goal, and
- Have an objective
So, if we haven’t both of the things above yet, hence it can’t refered as a system because it is imposible to make a system without a certain system.
The Characteristic of The System
A system has some characteristic as following :
- Components
A system has components that interaction each other that forming an unity. A system also can be the component from the other system or it also refered as subsystem. Some subsystem can interconnected each other that forming a bigger system, or it often referred supra system. For example : The components that build the lecturing are the students, the lecturers, the officer, the equipments, and the other.
- Boundary
A system must has a boundary with the other system or with the environments. The aim is to bound the system’s scope so the system can work efficiently without the trouble from the environments so that the goal of the system can reached.
- Environments
Is everything outside from the boundary of the system that influencing the operating system. There are 2 kinds of environments, they are the environment that have a positive characteristic to the the system and the environment that have a negative characteristic. For example the environment that have a negative characteristic is the competitor of our company
- Interface
Is a link between a sub system with the other sub system. It is very important in the system with the big enough scale, because without the interface hence the interaction between the sub system is never functioning.
- Input
Is a energy that entered in to the system, it can as a maintenance entered or a signal entered. For example in the student academic system, the data for each course that taken by the studentis an input from that system.
- Output
Is a the result of the energy that processed and classified to be a useful output. For example the student academic system, the input is the point of the cource that taken by the student, while the output is a transcript of the student’s point.
- Process
Change an input to be an output. Process is the core of in a system. Without a process, hence the output can’t yielded, so the goal of the system is also can’t be reached.
- Objective/Goal
If don’t have a goal, hence the operation of the system will not have a usefulness. System will be usefull if it has already hit the goal.
The following is the depiction from the system of the characteristic that has already explained before :
Note :
I : Input
P : Proses
O : Output
The Classification of A System
Definition 1
Abstract System : Existing system because the ideas, for example: The Religion System, The Custom System
The Physical System : The system that existing physically, for example :Computer system, accounting system, production system, and the other
Definition 2
The Natural System : The system that happened because a naturally process, for example : The earth rotation, the gravitation system, and the other
The Artificial System : The system that existing because the interaction between the human being and the machine, for example : The computer system, The Information System, and the other.
Definition 3
The certain System : System that operating with the predictable behavior, for example : The computer system
The Indefinite System : The Condition of the system can’t predict in the future, for example : The marketing of the product
Definotion 4
The Close system : The system that doesn’t correlate and affect with the environment
The Open System : The system that correlate and affect with the environment.
THE DEFINITION OF INFORMATION
The information is the data that processed to be a better form and more usefull for the receiver. Without processed, data is nothing. For more explaination will explained from this cycle information :
The Quality of The Information
Accurate
The Information is free from the mistakes and don`t deflect or mislead.
Timely
Incoming information to the receiver may not lose time
Relevantly
The information is usefull for the user.
Value Information determined from two matter, that is expense and benefit to getting it. Information will be valuable if it give more benefit than expense to get it.
